Charles de calonne biography
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Schuh’s Annotated Bio-Bibliography
Faced with a huge public debt and a steadily deteriorating financial situation, Calonne adopted a spending policy to inspire confidence in the nation's financial position. He then proposed a direct land tax and the calling of provincial assemblies to apportion it, a stamp tax, and the reduction of some privileges of the nobles and clergy. To gain support, Calonne had King Louis XVI call an Assembly of Notables, but the Assembly () refused to consider Calonne's proposals and criticized him bitterly. Dismissed and replaced by Étienne Charles Loménie de Brienne, Calonne fled () to England, where he stayed until Many of Calonne's official papers have been published and two general works on politics have been translated into English, Considerations on the Present and Future State of France () and The Political State of Europe ().
Biographi
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Charles Alexandre dem Calonne
French statesman
Charles Alexandre dem Calonne (20 January &#;&#; 30 October ), titled Count of Hannonville in ,[1] was a French statesman, best known for being Louis XVI's Controller-General of Finances (minister of finance) in the years leading up to the French Revolution.
Calonne attempted repeatedly to resehandling reforms that lowered government spending and implemented property added value tax among other things, but failed due to popular motstånd to his policies from the Parlement and the Assembly of Notables. Realizing that the Parlement of Paris would never agree to reform, Calonne handpicked an Assembly of Notables in to approve new taxes. When they refused, Calonne's reputation plummeted and he was forced to leave the country.
Origins and rise to prominence
[edit]Born in Douai of an upper-class family, he entered the legal profession and became a lawyer to the general council of Artois, procureur to the parlement of Dou
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Charles-Alexandre de Calonne
Paving the Way to the French Revolution
National Debt
Assembly of Notables
Estates General
National Assembly
These are the French mile markers of the three years (August to June ) prior to the Revolution. And Calonne was much involved in getting this chain of events underway.
Image Above Royal Collection London |
In a nutshell, Calonne's struggle to lower the country's debts was flawed by insufficient counteractions.
By the time Calonne was fired, he had already pushed the Jeannie out of the bottle by bringing the country's important men together (, see Assembly of Notables) and telling them that the King, although broke for years, was still living in style and spunky enough to impose new taxes.
The Notables referred the i